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Caucasian Honey Bees

Close-up of a group of bees, with one bee in the center holding a deceased bee.
I have been using artificially inseminated Caucasian breeder queens from Two Rivers Honey Bees (Shibu Raj) for several years with good results. The genetics and service was exactly what I expected with no surprises and so far I’ve not experienced any of the near term supersedure problems that these types of queens are known for. I have been able to graft off of most of them for two seasons and look forward to ordering more each year.
— Bob Binne, Blue Ridge Honey Company
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Caucasian Honey Bees

The Caucasian honey bee, or Apis mellifera caucasica, is a subspecies of the western honey bee (Apis mellifera). Known for its gentle nature, prolific honey production, and remarkable ability to thrive in colder climates, the Caucasian bee has played a pivotal role in the history of beekeeping in the United States.

Caucasian bees are native to the Caucasus Mountains, which span the borders of Georgia, Azerbaijan, Russia, and Armenia. The region’s unique climate, characterized by long winters and damp, foggy conditions, has shaped the Caucasian bee’s genetic traits, equipping it with adaptations that enable it to thrive in colder climates. Notably, the Caucasian bee has a longer tongue than other honey bee subspecies, allowing it to reach deeper into flowers and extract nectar more efficiently.

Close-up of a honey bee on a cluster of other bees, showing detailed wings, eyes, and fuzzy bodies.